The analysis of art in history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The analysis of art in history - Essay Example The phenomenon is pretty well universal on pots: black frequently appears at the points where a need for strengthening on an analogous metal vessel might be expected. Although the practice of using black and red in what critics might describe as structural contexts was carried over into red-lines, it did not survive long there. It occurs on some of the earliest pottery, but its use on vessels made in this technique tends to be confined to lettering and subsidiary features such as streaks of blood, urine, black eyes, or cocks' combs. We might suppose that these were added in copper to silver vessels decorated in 'gold-figure'. The use of copper on vessels which had a substantial bronze component would not have affected their value, whereas its use on vessels made of precious metal had to be restrained (as it was, judging by their ceramic counterparts); for to over-use it would have been tantamount to advertising the fact that their value was not equal to their weight; the ancients (Pa pathanasopoulos 54). Another object selected for analysis is Three Mycenaean Terracotta One-Handled Cups. These cups dated back a. 1400-1300 BC. They belong to Mycenaean culture and represents a traditional type of pottery used by the civilization. The interrelationships of form and color in pottery had a long tradition behind them. They were, however, part of a continuum which can be observed over centuries, and certainly beyond the Roman period. The 'essential unity' of the most common kind of fine pottery, the tableware that is 'generally red in color and with a fine clay coating known variously as a glaze. In reality, while technical details of the potter's craft may well have passed from one centre to another, the vessels that were made will usually have evoked the plate made locally for rich households or sanctuaries. Gold- and silversmiths' designs, moulds, and plaster casts probably played a major role. The use of red on pots was probably but a gesture in the direction of gold, for the vessels i n question would never have appeared side-by-side in a context where close comparisons could be made. In the case of Mycenaean pottery, fine red tableware will probably have been made for people who had only heard about gold vessels, or who only saw them from a distance at festivals (Mycenaean 20-21). In contrast to the Cycladic Terracotta, red colors reveal in the cups. The characteristic forms of pottery after Alexander's conquests were rather different from those that had existed before. The mould-made, handle-less bowls decorated in relief that became the norm, doubtless reflected Near Eastern dining practices. The characteristic color of local mould-made pottery continued to be black: one category of bowls 'are covered with the black glaze familiar from Attic pottery of earlier periods (Mycenaean 21). The main difference is unique ornament and geometric figures in pottery: there are geometric ornaments on the jug. The cups are ornamented with geometric ornaments and circles. These ornaments represent unique cultural meaning of each civilization and their perception of the world around them. The pottery did not play a sacred role but is found in boreal places. Both examples allow to say that economic aspect

My Reasons Why Homework Isnt a Good Idea Essay Example for Free

My Reasons Why Homework Isnt a Good Idea Essay Go to school for seven hours, go to practice for two hours, go home and do homework until you fall asleep. That is the life of most high school students. We are all so busy with schoolwork, clubs and not to mention our outside of school life. Homework is just a source of stress and anxiety for a lot of busy students and takes a lot time out of busy schedules. I think this is a worry that could be eliminated. Student athletes everywhere know what I mean when I say that when you have away games, you do not want to think about coming home to do homework on an already late night. It is tough enough to finish all of the homework that teachers assign when all you have is a regular practice. As you get older and take harder classes, the homework load and the amount of tests and quizzes also increase. Studying for these also take time and most of the time you just feel rushed to get through everything you have to do that night. Therefore you don’t retain all of the information that you tried to cram into your head. I know of some people who really can’t finish all of their homework at night either because they have so much to do or they prioritize between studying for a big test or getting a good grade on a homework assignment. Homework is an added on stress to young people who participate in sports, clubs, and band and that stress can be taken out in destructive ways. Another reason I think that students shouldn’t have as much homework as we do is because we already go to school five out of seven days of a week for seven hours a day. We go to school for a reason and that reason is to learn but we shouldn’t have to bring schoolwork home when we already have been to school that day. Also, most of the information we learn will never be applied in our lives or be helpful to us. I can understand the occasional paper to write or story to read and definitely studying for tests, but I think we just need to learn what we will actually use in life rather than extra information. It’s impractical for teachers to assign homework about things that I will never hear of or use again. It seems like a waste of everyone’s time. My last argument is that most students don’t get enough sleep because they are so busy all the time. The students that participate in something where they have practices or obligations that they have to attend to are usually the ones that actually do all of their homework and studying, therefore get less sleep than they are supposed to. Adults always say you should get eight hours of sleep if not more every night but that is all but impossible when you have so much to do. I know personally I’m lucky to get seven hours of sleep on a good night and I always wake up exhausted. Lack of sleep is a very serious problem for people my age. Also, if you would be able to get to more sleep at night then they most likely wouldn’t fall asleep in class or have such a hard time staying awake. If you are more alert in class you will also get more out of the lesson and understand the material better. There are so many reasons that homework isn’t a good or effective idea. Students don’t get as much sleep and have a hard time staying awake in and out of class. They won’t get as much studying time for major tests and won’t retain as much information when all they are trying to do is get everything that they need to do that night done. Finally, we already go to school for large amounts of time and do a lot of work there and then they try to make us do even more outside of class. School is basically like a full time job for students and if you participate in extracurriculars than it just seems like everything gets so clustered in your life. I believe homework is an unnecessary stress that can be eliminated for the young people today.

Comparing the Past in The Ice Palace and The Great Gatsby :: comparison compare contrast essays

The Nature of the Past in The Ice Palace and The Great Gatsby      Ã‚  Ã‚   In "The Ice Palace" and The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald explores the nature of the past. He shows us that we can neither return to nor escape from the past. In "The Ice Palace" he writes about the pasts of two different societies, the North and the South. In The Great Gatsby he writes about Daisy's relationships with two men, Tom and Gatsby. â€Å"In both of these stories some characters want to escape from the past and others want to return to the past†(Pendelton, 37). These characters find that neither of these is possible, that the past and the present have become intertwined.    The first society Fitzgerald deals with in "The Ice Palace" is the North. Here people try to ignore the past. We see this when Harry Bellamy tells us that "Everybody has a father, and about half of us have grandfathers. Back of that we don't go"(Fitzgerald, "The Diamond as Big as the Ritz" and Other Stories, 72). They have no interest in what has gone before. Even their buildings are new. An example of this is the library of the Bellamy house. Many of the books haven't been read and the items in it "all looked about fifteen years old"(71). The epitome of Northern buildings is the ice palace, which stands for a winter and then melts away. It is an attempt at a building without a past, built fresh each time. In the Southern graveyard, when Sally Carrol is talking about Margery Lee, Harry Bellamy looks at the grave and says "There's nothing here"(68). To him headstones have no reality beyond the immediate physical one. In the North the snow hides the gravestones, making each "a light sh adow against light shadows"(80). The hiding of the headstones demonstrates the entire Northern attitude toward the past. They feel that it isn't important and should be ignored.    Despite all of these efforts the North is unable to escape the past. The gravestones may be covered with snow, but they are still there. Eventually the snow will melt and everyone will be able to see them. Even the ice palace, the attempt at a building with no past, falls victim to it. The last time an ice palace was built was in 1885, but it is still "peopled by those shades of the eighties"(80).

Boeing Australia Case Study

Executive Summary Barilla is operating in a very old-fashioned distribution system that needs to be changed. Implementing this new JITD will increase efficiency across the supply chain. The system will reduce manufacturing costs, increase supply chain visibility, increase distributors’ dependence on Barilla, establish better relationship with distributors, reduce inventory level and most importantly improve manufacturing planning and forecasting using objective data. This JITD will see Barilla’s supply chain synchronized from manufacturing to end – users.Strategically, the best decision for Barilla is to implement the JITD program. This will allow for greater capability and flexibility to respond to inputs from end-consumers. In the JITD system, each distributor would provide Barilla with data from products that they shipped to retailers in previous days as well as current stock levels for each Barilla SKU. This data would then be used to make forecasting and rep lenishment decisions. The will result in a smoother running operating system and excellent customer service.To prove the credibility of JITD and win over apprehensive customers the involvement of top management will be employed. Within the next six months Maggali and top management team will analyze daily shipment data of the distribution chain. Next a database of historical and present demand patterns of distributors will be created and shipments will be simulated with JITD in place. This system will reduce stock out rates and inventory levels while increasing service levels. Next, experiments will be run at the Pedrignano depot and then the Milano depot.This will establish the credibility of JITD and win over distributors and retailers who are apprehensive in buying into this new system. Approximately ten top managers, from customer service managers to vice presidents, logistics, purchasing, sales and marketing and information technology managers will be involved in the decision m aking, implementation and monitoring of this new system. This will prove credibility of JITD and convince customers that change is inevitable and in this this case the benefits will be mutual. IssuesDeciding whether or not the Just In Time Distribution (JITD) model should be implemented into Barilla†s operations. Barilla is suffering from escalating operational inefficiencies. The company is being burdened by demand fluctuations in its manufacturing and distribution systems. Also, this large weekly variation in distributors orders is increasing overhead costs. Trying to convince internal and external customers of the benefits of JITD Barilla’s customers are unwilling to give up authority to place orders as they please.The lack of faith in Barilla’s inventory management also made some customers reluctant in giving detailed sales data so that Barilla could improve its forecasting demands. Customers perceived this JITD move as a quest by Barilla to transfer power to themselves. Internal customers are also resistant to this change as they as they view this concept to be infeasible and or dangerous. Environmental and Root Cause Analysis There is a growing burden that demand fluctuations are imposing on the company’s manufacturing and distribution system.Vitali has suggested for years that the company implement this innovative JITD which is modeled off JIT manufacturing. Vitali proposed that rather than follow the practice of delivering products to Barilla’s distributors on the basis of whatever orders distributors placed with the company, Barilla’s own logistics organization would instead specify delivery quantities that would more effectively meet end users’ needs and would also more evenly distribute the workload on Barilla’s manufacturing and logistics. This was heavily resisted both internally and externally.External people are saying that Barilla wants power over its distributors and wants to manage their inventory for them. On the other hand, the internal sales and marketing people thinks this JITD is unworkable and will reduce their workload so they see it as a threat and as a result they are putting up a resistance. The variability in demand is as a result of lack of forecasting systems or sophisticated analytical tools at the distributors end. Orders for Barilla’s dry products swing from week to week and such extreme demand strains Barilla’s manufacturing and logistics operations.For example, the specific sequence of pasta production necessitated by the tight heat and humidity specifications in the tunnel kiln made it difficult to quickly produce a particular pasta that had been sold out due to unexpectedly high demand. In addition, holding sufficient finished goods inventories to meet distributors order requirements was extremely expensive when weekly demand fluctuated so much and was so difficult to forecast. Advertising and trade promotions are also intensifying the resistance to implementing this JITD.Distributors have become accustomed to price discounts through volume orders, promotional activities and transportation. Barilla’s sales strategy relied on the use of trade promotions to push products into the grocery distribution network. Distributors looks forward to these promotions and also sales people within Barilla looks forward to giving distributors discounts in this very old-fashioned distribution system. Alternatives and/or Options Implementing the JITD system would prove beneficial to the company and its overall supply chain management.Benefits of this JITD would be reduced manufacturing costs and inventory levels, better relationship with distributors due to increased supply chain visibility and distributor’s dependence on Barilla and overall improvement in manufacturing planning using objective data collected. For sales people this would be a selling tool rather than a threat to sales. Distributors will also see an improved fill rate to retail stores, additional service from Barilla without any extra cost and reduced inventory holding costs.Disadvantages to these are lack of infrastructure to handle JITD, risks of inability to adjust shipments quickly to stock-outs, cost benefits uncertainties, unconvinced distributors and reduction in responsibilities for Sales Representatives. Recommendation It is recommended that Barilla implement this JITD system in its supply chain. The system will provide customers with additional service at no extra cost. It will also improve Barilla’s visibility with the trade and make distributors more dependent on the company.This dependence or vendor management inventory (VMI) system will improve relationships between Barilla and distributors. More important, is the information regarding the supply at the distributors’ warehouses would provide the company with objective data that would allow for improvement in planning procedures and forecasting. In a ddition, distributors will not only improve their fill rates to retail stores but reduce their inventory holding costs. Sales and marketing people will realize that this JITD will be a selling tool rather than a threat to sales.This in the long run improves overall performance in operations. Implementation Maggiali needs to look at JITD as not only a logistics program but as a company wide effort and get top management from both sides involved in decision -making and teamwork. With top management on board, the first implementation will be done at Barilla’s largest DO (organized distributor) the Cortese. Within the next six months Maggali and top management team will analyze daily shipment data of the distribution chain.Next a database of historical and present demand patterns of distributors will be created and shipments will be simulated with JITD in place. This system will reduce stock out rates and inventory levels while increasing service levels. Next, experiments will be run at the Pedrignano depot and then the Milano depot. This will establish the credibility of JITD and win over distributors and retailers who are apprehensive in buying into this new system. An information system will also be implemented to communicate with all customers.SKUs will be barcoded so that they are easily identifiable; that is Barilla’s code and distributor/customer codes. Using this coding system, the company will be able to receive information through any code and also reduce the impact of internal changes in products on DO systems. Barilla’s forecasting systems will be under improvement so that the company can make good use of information received. Monitor and Control There has to be credibility of this new venture in order to convince customers both internally and externally to sign on.In order to reap success in any new initiative top management have to be involved. A team of approximately ten top managers including managing directors, marketing and s ales managers, logistics managers, purchasing managers, vice presidents and information technology managers will monitor the implementation of this new initiative, JITD. Each day customers will send information to Barilla using EDI (electronic data exchange) systems. This information will include; customer codes, previous day’s stock-outs, previous days sales and advance orders for future retailer promotions.This will help Barilla to improve internal operations for the company and customers alike, now that Barilla will be responsible for determining quantities and delivery schedules. This will see a reduction in inventory levels, distribution costs, manufacturing costs, improved responsiveness to distributors demands. Overall efficiencies in the company’s operations will be evident in every link of the supply chain. Monitoring and control will be an ongoing process to minimize inefficiencies in operations.

Why Did Men Continue to Fight in Ww1?

Why did men continue to fight in WWI? The Great War was fought between 1914 until 1918. It took the lives of millions of men and it is said to have had horrible conditions, the question still remains. Why did men continue to fight in the Great War? Was it because of their discipline in the army? Did they fight because of their friends in the army? Or were the conditions in the trenches not as bad as people say they were? This essay will argue that, even though all of these reasons were very important, the main reason men continued to fight was army discipline and comradeship.Army discipline was definitely an important factor for why men continued to fight. The army aimed to keep soldiers as disciplined as possible, therefore they made severe punishments for misbehaviour. For example, if soldiers refused to walk through â€Å"no mans land† the punishment would be to be shot by a firing squad, the firing squad would be your own battalion. This would be done to increase the disci pline of the rest of the battalion. They knew that if they were to disobey orders their friends and comrades would shoot them.However, around five million men served in the British army during the war; out of all these men, 3080 men were sentenced to death but only 364 were actually executed. This evidence suggests that perhaps army discipline was not the most important factor, however, 364 men might have scared most men enough to not disobey orders. The conditions of the trenches were said to be horrific and devastating, however the British army had very high standards of cleanliness and they were aware of what the soldiers needed to keep on fighting.They aimed to keep morale as high as possible and therefore provided more than sufficient amount of food, very good medical care, and tried to generally make the soldiers’ living conditions better. Efforts were made to keep the trenches cleaner; for example, rats were a big issue at the beginning of the war but as the war progre ssed, they were quickly eliminated from the trenches. Lice were also a problem so they fumigated, washed and ironed soldiers’ uniforms when they came out of the line. Since soldiers got taken care of, this was definitely one of the reasons they continued to fight, or at least made ighting more bearable. The men who fought in the war would often make friends in their battalions. This would definitely keep the men strong and able to fight. The soldiers did not want to let their friends down, and they all wanted to fight for their fellow soldiers. None of them wanted to die, but it was worst to die alone without their friends. They fought to keep their friends and themselves alive, so they could bear the war in the company of people they cared for. Sometimes, soldiers became such good friends, they went mad if their friend died, or they would continue to see each other after the war.Comradeship was a very important factor that helped them get through the war. You cannot generali ze why men continued to fight. Different men fought for different things. But most men probably fought for various reasons. The fact that the conditions were not so bad probably helped men a lot, as well as being able to fight with their friends. But the fear of death by the hand of their friends was probably what drove most people to keep on fighting in the war. It probably also helped other soldiers encourage their friends to keep on fighting, and therefore army discipline and comradeship are the most important causes.

Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motiv Essays

Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motiv Essays Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motivation and Organizational commitment in Pakistan Research based Thesis 8/16/2014 Institute of Business Management Submitted to: Sir Ashraf Janjua Prepared by: Sameen Salman ID: 9929 Subject: Seminar in Economic Policy Executive Summary Organizations have become very different then what they were previously. The systems, processes have changed and an individual is well aware of his or her interests and demands. This creates a lot of challenges for the organization to continuously evolve their systems and keep their eyes peeled for upcoming changes and find out new ways to deal with these challenges . Previously, organizational climate was just a concept whose application was limited but that's not the case today and this concept has evolved a lot and its importance has increased immensely. Now this concept is in a position to impact other factors on the job which make up the organization. This paper researches on the possibility of organizational climate to have impacts on motivation and commitment of employees working in any organization. Sufficient literatures regarding its concepts have been pondered over in this paper. Data has been collected specifically from those individuals who have minimum one year experience in any corporate field in management of a company. Further analysis is carried out using questionnaire which comprises of questions aimed at identifying the importance of climate and its effects on motivation and commitment level of employees. The findings of the questionnaires are further analyzed by help of different theories. The analysis came to discover that there is direct relationship between these three factors. Meaning that organizational climate directly influences motivation and commitment of employees. Negative organizational climate will have negative impacts on these two and positive organizational climate will have positive effects. There were some limitations in the study which were delayed responses of the targeted audience because target respondents were all working professionals and were busy In their work and the other limitation being short time. However, the study was completed within the time frame developed and was successful in studying the cause it set out to. Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc395836959 \h 1 Introduction to the topic: PAGEREF _Toc395836960 \h 3 Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc395836961 \h 4 Organizational Climate PAGEREF _Toc395836962 \h 4 Motivation PAGEREF _Toc395836963 \h 6 Motivation Theories: PAGEREF _Toc395836964 \h 7 Organizational Commitment PAGEREF _Toc395836965 \h 10 Significance of the study: PAGEREF _Toc395836966 \h 11 Hypothesis: PAGEREF _Toc395836967 \h 12 Variables: PAGEREF _Toc395836968 \h 12 Research Objectives PAGEREF _Toc395836969 \h 12 Research Questions PAGEREF _Toc395836970 \h 13 Research Design: PAGEREF _Toc395836971 \h 13 Methodology: PAGEREF _Toc395836972 \h 13 Data Collection Method: PAGEREF _Toc395836973 \h 13 Sources of Data PAGEREF _Toc395836974 \h 13 Sample Size PAGEREF _Toc395836975 \h 13 Statistical Tool PAGEREF _Toc395836976 \h 13 Research Findings PAGEREF _Toc395836977 \h 14 Analysis: PAGEREF _Toc395836978 \h 24 Conclusion and Recommendations: PAGEREF _Toc395836979 \h 25 Limitations: PAGEREF _Toc395836980 \h 26 Appendix: PAGEREF _Toc395836981 \h 27 Bibliography PAGEREF _Toc395836982 \h 27 Questionnaire used: PAGEREF _Toc395836983 \h 29 Introduction to the topic: Organizations are more concerned about maintaining an effective organizational climate now because of fast growth and competition. It can be made a competitive advantage of the company. There has been a lot of research on the topic of organizational climate and its impacts. The earliest researches can be tracked back to 1930s. Organizational climate is synonymous with corporate environment . It is the direction to measure the culture of an organization . It comprises of many components which shape up the environment both directly and indirectly influencing employee attitudes and behavior. Researchers suggest that organizational culture is very closely related to organizational climate. Early researches such as Hawthorn studies were one of the pioneers in this topic. The main aim or objective of the research was to study the effect of environment or surroundings of employees and also to study the effect of different variables on their behaviors. Thus a concept of organizational climate came into being. CITATION KSe14 \l 1033 (K.Selvarajan, 2014) Organization Climate has a rich history and implementations in both industrial and organizational set ups. Kurt Lewin was one the first researcher who studies about this concept and presented an argument that behavior is a product of an individual and the environment surrounding him or her. Organizational climate studies took the stage in late 1970s and the focus was to

The Kiss by Anton Chekhov

The Kiss by Anton Chekhov Free Online Research Papers After reading Anton Chekhov’s â€Å"The Kiss†, it is apparent that several elements of fiction were incorporated into his story. The story included interesting characters, a descriptive setting that effectively reflects the mood of what is going on, sufficient amount of irony. And a well developed plot and structure. Out of all of these components that help to build a successful fictional story, the element that was most effective was the element of plot. The plot of â€Å"The Kiss† is an excellent arrangement of events that fulfills every aspect that is expected to be incorporated into a fictional plot. It includes interesting twists, admirable characters, and most importantly, a subject that almost everyone can easily relate to. â€Å"The Kiss†, is about a man named Ryabovitch that is completely unsatisfied with his life until one night, he takes part in an â€Å"adventure (288).† In an unexpected series of events, Ryabovitch, who has never experienced female interaction, finds himself mistaken by a mysterious woman for her lover. As a result of the mix-up, Ryabovitch experiences his first kiss. The kiss puts a new spin on his life and Rybovitch becomes more bold and confident than ever. Even though most would view the incident as a simple misunderstanding, Ryabovitch takes it for more than that. He becomes convinced that he is in love with someone that he does not even know. At the end of the story however, Rya bovitch realizes that the situation was simply exaggerated and he goes back to his normal life. This first reason that the plot stands out so much is that it is relatable. In â€Å"The Kiss† Ryabovitch exaggerates the meaning of the kiss beyond recognition. In the story Ryabovitch is â€Å"†¦surprised dreadfully by the time it took him to tell his story (294).† He overreacted so much that he did not even recognize how simple and insignificant that his incident was. Everyone has been guilty of this as one time or another. â€Å"The Kiss†, was written based on and overreaction and everyone is able to relate to what Ryabovitch is going through. Another reason that the plot stands out is that Chekhov writes in a way that makes the reader want to read on. He makes the reader care about what happens to Rybovitch by vividly describing everything that he goes through. Chekhov forces the reader to want to read on by making them feel sympathetic for Ryabovitch. The plot is set up to keep the reader interested and it stands out because of it. Without this incorporation of getting readers into what is going on with Ryabovitch, the effectiveness of the element of plot would be severely weakened. After reading â€Å"The Kiss†, it is obvious that Chekhov incorporated the element of plot into his story effectively. By writing about a subject that can be easily related to, the overall value of the plot drastically increased. Chekhov did a great job of getting into the readers mind; he made them want to read attentively and continue the story by using the element of plot. Research Papers on "The Kiss" by Anton ChekhovMind TravelTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsStandardized TestingHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andLifes What Ifs

27 Quotes From Military Leaders About War and Bravery

27 Quotes From Military Leaders About War and Bravery Throughout history, noted military leaders, war veterans, and statesmen, such as Nathan Hale (American soldier, spy, and captain in the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War), Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S. Army general and Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe during World War II; 34th President of the U.S.), Giuseppe Garibaldi (Italian general), George S. Patton Jr. (U.S. Army general, veteran of World War I and World War II), and many others, have had a lot to say about war. Their strong-worded quotes that have been picked up over the ages are about patriotism, bravery, and sacrifice. These are the words that often helped soldiers to fight hard and win, and kept the country moving forward during times of great stress. Their timeless quotes can be inspirational for everyday challenges, too. Read the following quotes and see which ones resonate with you.   Frederick C. Blesse: No guts, no glory. Winston Churchill: We sleep safely at night because rough men stand ready to visit violence on those who would harm us. George Colman: Praise the bridge that carried you over. David G. Farragut: Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead. Dwight D. Eisenhower: Neither a wise nor a brave man lies down on the tracks of history to wait for the train of the future to run over him. Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. Only our individual faith in freedom can keep us free. The best morale exists when you never hear the word mentioned. When you hear it its usually lousy. Giuseppe Garibaldi: I offer neither pay, nor quarters, nor food; I offer only hunger, thirst, forced marches, battles, and death. Let him who loves his country with his heart, and not merely his lips, follow me. David Hackworth: If you find yourself in a fair fight, you didnt plan your mission properly. Nathan Hale: I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country. Heraclitus: Out of every one hundred men, ten shouldnt even be there, eighty are just targets, nine are the real fighters, and we are lucky to have them, for they make the battle. Ah, but the one, one is a warrior, and he will bring the others back. Douglas MacArthur: Whoever said the pen is mightier than the sword obviously never encountered automatic weapons. It is fatal to enter a war without the will to win it. George S. Patton Jr.: Live for something rather than die for nothing. The soldier is the Army. No army is better than its soldiers. The Soldier is also a citizen. In fact, the highest obligation and privilege of citizenship is that of bearing arms for one’s country. Lead me, follow me, or get the hell out of my way. Never tell people how to do things. Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity. No good decision was ever made in a swivel chair. Oliver Hazard Perry: We have met the enemy and they are ours. Colin Powell: Perpetual optimism is a force multiplier. There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, learning from failure. Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr.: The truth of the matter is that you always know the right thing to do. The hard part is doing it. William Tecumseh Sherman: War is hell. Harry S. Truman: A leader is the man who has the ability to get other people to do what they dont want to do, and like it. Arthur Wellesley, First Duke of Wellington (1769-1852): I dont know what effect these men will have upon the enemy, but, by God, they terrify me. William C. Westmoreland: The military dont start wars. Politicians start wars.

Gay Marriage and Adoption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gay Marriage and Adoption - Essay Example The major problem in the country is that the gay community feels that civil partnerships are less valued than marriages and therefore, there is need for the government to recognize their unions as marriage (Culley, 2007). However, critics argue that if this is implemented, it will redefine marriage, which according to them, is a union between a man and a woman. This paper is a critical evaluation of gay marriage and adoption in the United Kingdom. Discussion Gay marriage is a marriage which incorporates the unification of persons of the same sex. This is for example a marriage between a man and man or a woman and a woman. In the UK, this type of marriage is not recognized under the common law. Article 12 of the European convention on human rights, which the UK is party to, does not compel European countries to recognize gay marriage as a human right (Culley, 2007). This assertion has been applied in the European court of human rights while resolving disputes involving gay rights. For example, the court ruled out a case, which was presented before it by a French gay couple, Valerie Gas and Nathalie Dubois, who claimed that the denial of adoption rights by the French was discriminatory and against article 12 of the European convention on human rights (Bowater, 2012). However, the British government, with the support of the prime minister, has been consulting rigorously on the possibility of legalizing gay marriages. The ministry concerned with issues of equality in the country has made it clear than no threats or opposition will hamper efforts to ensure that these marriages are allowed by the end of 2015 (BBC, 2012). Currently, the country only recognizes civil partnerships involving same sex couples. It has been argued that this has already given these people more than enough civil liberties and therefore, the debate to legalize gay marriages is a waste of precious time, which could be spent in discussing other important issues affecting this community. However, gay couples feel that the categorization of their relationships as civil partnerships is not enough as this makes them inferior to heterosexual couples (Culley, 2007). They have the right to feel this way owing to the fact that there is a possibility of being treated unfairly whenever they indicate their marital status, for example in documents while seeking employment. Some of these documents have blank spaces in which one is supposed to fill whether he is married or in a civil partnership. This may have a direct impact on the decisions of the recruiting officers, who may be homophobic. Despite the fact that UK laws prohibit such discrimination, it may be difficult to prove that the reason a person was not hired was due to his or her sexual orientation. This may be worse in the private sector, where hiring processes are not closely monitored by government instruments. Recognizing gay marriage will definitely remove this obstacle thereby resulting to a situation where an interviewe e will only be required to state whether he is single or married. The law prohibits calling out people to identify their sexual orientation and therefore, it will be easy for victims to know what law to cite when defending their accusations (Hicks, 2008). Marriage is a union, which is founded on love and synchronization of bodily needs and desires. The move by some of

What the Community Says Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What the Community Says - Assignment Example In the research paper, there is no clearly stated aim, but there is an explanation of public relevance of the strategy. The title of the research paper shows that health promotion is a strategy through which quality of health can be improved. It has a section that describes how health promotion is achieved. This is through an international network. A database was formed to assess health promotion activities. This shows the method used to get data, but it has no clearly defined aim, data collection and data analysis method. The research paper has the following as findings: that the health promotion projects are strongly oriented to the staff and patients, but do not address underlying cultural and structural problems (Groene & Jorgensen, 2005). This research paper has no clearly stated aim, methodology, design, and data collection and analysis method. It has however described the importance of the research findings to the community and the health care industry, and has described its findings. It is through the findings that the aim of the research can be obtained. The methodology, data collection and data analysis methods used can only be obtained by reading through specific topics within it. It should have described all these appropriately. The research topic shows that it is dealing with hospitals and not individuals requiring some ethical approval. It has however, not stated this (Groene & Jorgensen,

Maritime economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Maritime economics - Essay Example I will touch and elaborate on the main issues I was asked to analyze which is to identify and explain the shipping demand and supply factors in the July 2011 dry bulk report. Details Overview: The market for Cape decreased gradually throughout the month of July, however Panamax and Supramax and their vessels outdo those of the Cape. There was a notice of the Baltic Exchanges’ average 4TC profits for Cape-like ships declined from $12,372 at the end of last month to a surprising low of $9,408 at the end of July. Likewise, Panamax 4TC percentage demolished from $12, 823 to $12, 060 and Supramax went from $13,161 each day. Crude steel manufacturing in June was 127.7m tons and 1 year ago was at 118.3m. Noted congestion: Findings that Brazil ore ports because of the abundant decline in the sum of vessels and the time spent waiting on deliveries, however some improvements have been recognized in the material at the coal port of Queensland including less traffic. Europe steel pricing goes unaltered but there was a minor increase in only China. Iron ore imports for June in China approximately 51.1m tons and 47.2m 1 year prior. Brent and W.T.I. crude oil costs expanded more so by July 29th with W.T.I. closed at $96 and Brent at $116/bbl. Improvement in coking coal accessibility with enhanced output from Queensland and spot steam coal costs stayed the same for the most part. 10% increase in grain costs due to buyer anxiety on US grain forecasts. Since the increase in Brent cost Bunker cost increased as well. Costs for Rotterdam at the end of July were $657/mt IFO 380cSt and at the end of June were $615 and with MDO it was $972/mt while $910/mt in June. Additional information: Concluded findings of Gibson report: Service marketplaces continue to have a little anxiety. For 1, the investment and liability crunch in the West has gotten worse. Massive EU monetary aid was intercepted by Portugal, Greece, and Ireland with Italy and Spain not far behind within the countrie s noted in report that possibly need assistance, too. Brinksmanship been caused by amplifying countrywide dues within the US along with a deterioration in the rate of the US buck, and the stock market has slipped with a strong possibility that the US will lose its ‘Triple A’ position. The outlook on the budget for the West remains gloomy with mention of a likely double dip depression. DRY BULK STRATEGIES AND INFORMATION: Bulk Shipping Advantages: Modern day bulk: Even though sea shipping services of bulk goods started in the 17th century, and this particular strategy is a huge industry and progressing monthly, yearly with close to 9,000 different carriers competing in some way. Yet there are some concerns in this industry and how they need to be resolved. What strategies need to be implemented: Identify ways to reduce shipping costs through transporting bulk trade and raising the amount of cargo on these vessels because the larger more powerful ships have a lower unit c ost and when these bulk items are lower so is cargo labor and room. Another concept we have transiting to is moving completely away from barrel shipments and use nonglossy wrap on bulk instead. We currently aim to include this innovative way of

Competitive pushy parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Competitive pushy parents - Essay Example However, some children do not feel pleasant when their parents ask them to do anything against their will. In such cases, tensions between children and parents increase which upsets the overall environment of a family. In this paper, we will discuss how American competitive parents affect the wishes of children and how children and teachers can deal with the competitive parents in order to find a middle way between the wishes of the children and the parents. How Competitive (Pushy) Parents Deal with Children Competitive parents jam their children’s social lives with unusual activities, such as, play dates, baby yoga, and teaching foreign languages (Woolcock). Competitive parents deal with their children in an influencing way. Such parents care less about the personal wishes and aims of the children and try to impose their will on the children. They are very curious about the activities of the children and keep a constant eye on all activities of the children. Competitive paren ts also want their children to be competitive in all fields of life. Children of competitive parents are generally more likely to be obsessive about their interests (Macrae). In America, most of the parents start advising their children from the very early stages of their lives to work hard for achieving success in the future. For that, they guide their children to the way, which they think to be the most appropriate ones for the children. â€Å"Parents are so anxious for their children to do well, partly because their children are a reflection on them – but also they are all too aware of the economic realities† (Landesman). In some cases, the will of the parents go against the will of the children and the clash occurs. For example, a child wants to become a teacher in future but his parents want him to become a doctor or a surgeon in order to become a good earner in the future. Now, here the clash begins between the parents and the child because of separate viewpoints regarding selection of the most appropriate profession. The result is not favorable for both parents and children every time. Sometimes, plan of the parents becomes successful when the child becomes what the parents want whereas sometimes the child is not competent enough to meet the expectations of the parents, which results in the educational and professional failure of the child. â€Å"The parent who is proud when an offspring achieves what is deemed to be of value and ashamed when they fail is an age-old predicament† (Meakins). The dilemma is that, in case of failure, parents start blaming the children for not studying hard for success in the selected field of study. However, in reality, failure is not a fault of the children because every child has a separate mindset and he or she selects the field of study based on the personal interest. â€Å"Parents are frequently encouraged to play a full role in their children's education† (Young). However, when parents try to force the children to study what the parents want, it becomes difficult for the children to get along with the wish of the parents properly because they are not always competent enough for that. Competitive or pushy parents not just force the children in the field of studies but they also try to influence the extra curricular activities, interests, and hobbies of the children. Pushy parents want to make their children competitive in every field of life. For that, they try to

Describe the product or service your business provides and a Essay

Describe the product or service your business provides and a description of the market it serves - Essay Example A number of football clubs (such as Manchester United, FCB Barcelona) in Europe make enormous amount of money through merchandizing. Apart from club’s official products, goods such as jerseys, hats, watches, bags, mugs etc. can also be brought at specialist sports shops in Europe. Despite a late start, Soccer has been growing its popularity in US In the past few decades. America’s better than expected international performance in the recent FIFA World Cup has lifted people’s interest in the sport. My business idea is to develop a chain of specialist sports shops deal in soccer merchandize and sports equipment. The following write-up describes the business idea in detail in terms of the overall market, anticipated growth and competition, products description and marketing plan. Soccer Market in US Over the last few decades, professional and amateur soccer has made noteworthy strides in the US. As of 2007, there were 14 million soccer players and over 2 million hou seholds having young soccer participants in the country. The following graph shows the comparison of sports popularity in different age groups implying that it is a youth-centered sport in America. Because of this, soccer has attracted the attention of advertisers from companies such as Starbucks, Addidas, Nike and other youth oriented products. Major League Soccer (MLS) and US Soccer Leagues are the two best known soccer leagues in US with over 16 member Clubs. Soccer in US gained more recognition with the arrival of foreign football stars such as David Beckham, Thierry Henry, Freddie Ljungberg and Cuauhtemoc Blanco playing for MLS clubs. The richest club in US, LA Galaxy is worth $100 million (2008). As the game has gained such wide acceptance in US, it is a great market for merchandizing business adopting the European model. Business Idea The concept behind my business idea is to build a specialist soccer outlet selling all products and goods related to soccer including soccer ge ar, equipment and related goods. Soccer Merchandise Products: The following chart gives an overview of the products that would be sold at my Soccer Specialty Store (SSS) for various clubs and leagues: Distribution Channels: In the business of sports retail, it is essential to have and efficient supplier chain and distribution channel in order to make profits. As there are number of players in the supplier chain such as team/club or league dealers or distributors, my competitive advantage will be retail locations and outreach to customers. Apart from consumer retail store, online distribution channels would help reduce inventory and administrative expenses. Marketing: The success of consumer retail sales depends on a number of factors such as retail store location, prices, promotions and consumer demand. My retail stores location will be vicinity to major universities and schools, preferably with high number of international students (as soccer is more popular abroad). The prices of the products would be competitive to other stores such as addidas etc. Personalized items would be higher priced. Since, I am targeting students and their parents as my potential customers, promotional activities such as free passes to soccer matches, group or team discounts would be given. Competition: The competition in US in the soccer merchandising industry is not intense as in Europe but is developing. Major League Soccer

Competitive pushy parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Competitive pushy parents - Essay Example However, some children do not feel pleasant when their parents ask them to do anything against their will. In such cases, tensions between children and parents increase which upsets the overall environment of a family. In this paper, we will discuss how American competitive parents affect the wishes of children and how children and teachers can deal with the competitive parents in order to find a middle way between the wishes of the children and the parents. How Competitive (Pushy) Parents Deal with Children Competitive parents jam their children’s social lives with unusual activities, such as, play dates, baby yoga, and teaching foreign languages (Woolcock). Competitive parents deal with their children in an influencing way. Such parents care less about the personal wishes and aims of the children and try to impose their will on the children. They are very curious about the activities of the children and keep a constant eye on all activities of the children. Competitive paren ts also want their children to be competitive in all fields of life. Children of competitive parents are generally more likely to be obsessive about their interests (Macrae). In America, most of the parents start advising their children from the very early stages of their lives to work hard for achieving success in the future. For that, they guide their children to the way, which they think to be the most appropriate ones for the children. â€Å"Parents are so anxious for their children to do well, partly because their children are a reflection on them – but also they are all too aware of the economic realities† (Landesman). In some cases, the will of the parents go against the will of the children and the clash occurs. For example, a child wants to become a teacher in future but his parents want him to become a doctor or a surgeon in order to become a good earner in the future. Now, here the clash begins between the parents and the child because of separate viewpoints regarding selection of the most appropriate profession. The result is not favorable for both parents and children every time. Sometimes, plan of the parents becomes successful when the child becomes what the parents want whereas sometimes the child is not competent enough to meet the expectations of the parents, which results in the educational and professional failure of the child. â€Å"The parent who is proud when an offspring achieves what is deemed to be of value and ashamed when they fail is an age-old predicament† (Meakins). The dilemma is that, in case of failure, parents start blaming the children for not studying hard for success in the selected field of study. However, in reality, failure is not a fault of the children because every child has a separate mindset and he or she selects the field of study based on the personal interest. â€Å"Parents are frequently encouraged to play a full role in their children's education† (Young). However, when parents try to force the children to study what the parents want, it becomes difficult for the children to get along with the wish of the parents properly because they are not always competent enough for that. Competitive or pushy parents not just force the children in the field of studies but they also try to influence the extra curricular activities, interests, and hobbies of the children. Pushy parents want to make their children competitive in every field of life. For that, they try to

Chevy Silverado advertisement, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chevy Silverado advertisement, - Essay Example Luther king Jnr in the commercial as the theme song progresses with the words â€Å"I believe there is a dream for everyone† is aimed at provoking the mind of the potential customer that the Silverado is their dream car. It is also a car for the entire American population; black or white. The use of the images of Armstrong on the moon shows it can be viewed as a truck of prestige. The landing of man on the moon was a prestigious occasion for America. The technology involved in doing it could also suggest that the Chevy is a technologically advanced truck. There are images of the hurricane’s devastating effects with an older make of the Chevy being used for the reconstruction. This portrays the Chevy brand as reliable trucks. The three historical events have all brought the American people together. It could be in different fronts but their happening has brought a sense of unity to the country. The Martin Luther King brought the fight for civil rights and won the fight against racial segregation. This united the American races. The landing on the moon for the first time also brought Americans together in pride. The hurricanes that have devastated the people of America have also seen the country unite in agony and gloom. The larger picture is that the car is a unifying factor. They show the Silverado as a car with rich history and indispensible value. Chevy has used these events in their commercial effectively but not accurately. If the events were to compel the buyers, they should have had more emphasis laid on them. The events should have been played slowly. The commercial is very fast paced and has a very busy theme with so many clips flashing by. However, the average American should understand the context. Apart from the used historical events, Chevy could have considered the use of the bombing of the W.T.O. It would have portrayed the vehicle as a strong truck against the background of the falling houses. This would not be any different from the Hurricane

Traffic Flow and Public Transport in North Cyprus Essay Example for Free

Traffic Flow and Public Transport in North Cyprus Essay ABSTRACT Nowadays one of the most issue affect our daily life, load on Economic, and the negative effects on Environment is Traffic flow and their way of been plan, they way of our public transport planning, services lines, bus station and the regulation are also effect the life quality in the city. In the last, few decades’ streets in the city have built without any attention to grow population and the increasing number of vehicles. What the main important changes have to be for increasing the traffic flow. Why have to be done. this paper will talk about the ideas can solve problem by change the line of public transporting for more covering area and less traffic, by experimentally study and a interview with the users of the road ( drivers and public users). The new alternative system show how the traffic flow change. Further study has to done for more developing solution. Keyword: traffic flow, public transport. Quality of services, Lefkosa city (North Cyprus) | | INTRODUCTION Researches done by marketing show that the quality of the service reflects the public satisfaction (F. Fonseca , S. Pinto , C. Brito, 2010), and its show how it is important to make high quality services to gave the public relax and comfortable ride when they are using the public transporting. Which will increase the number of the users of the public transports and will achieve less traffic since its will encourage people to use public transport. Since the main Factors that Community go away from using public transport are the long length, and the time they lose and the expansive prices for ticket (Pavel STOYANOV, Plamena GAGOVA, 2012). Even that the traffic management become a big problem and a big concern in last few years in developed country such as north Cyprus. Living in the information world with high computer network show that a simulation can be important for analyzing data and developing solution, and it can solve the problem related to traffic control. In addition, it can provide a new intelligent transportation system. (Georgios Papageorgiou, Pantelis Damianou, Andreas Pitsilides, Aphames Thrasos, Petros Ioannou, 2006). From other studies and researches, the environmental affect that it coming from road construction and road using. In order to decrease the impact we have to understand the reason of why it have this impact, and it start with waste of road construction process, manufacturing of the materials, unprepared or broken road which will increase the fuel use for engine to moving the vehicle more than asphalts road. And all this have negative impact to our environment, which it can be reduce by re-usage and re-construction of materials, also another possible to reduce the impact can be by remanufacturing of excavation materials. (Damijan Koletnik, Rebeka Lukman, Damjan Krajnc, 2012) On the other hand, there is a type of people such as blind people have very difficult for using public transportation. There is few systems can offer the assistance and information for blind persons such as the RAMPE project. This project aim to help blind people by smart hand-held personal digital assistant (PDA), that have the ability to speech and able to connect to wireless Wi-Fi connection on the bus stations. Where this device has functions such as vocal message and information about the system provide from the stations, in the same time it can gave information about the real time. When this device equipped will offer information such as route number and destination, so it can increase their mobility and autonomy in public transport and make them independent, on the other hand, it will warned the driver that a blind person would ride the bus. (G.Baudoina, O.Venarda, G.Uzanb, A.Rousseaub, Y.Benaboua, A.Paumierc, J.Cesbronc, n.d). Since the operation and planning have costs, and because of their immediate impact for public transportation quality. Public transport companies trying to find a research tool in the way can reduce operating cost. New opportunities and information can collect from AVL (automatic vehicle location) and APC (automatic passenger counters). Both of these systems help for research and planning or scheduling in public transport. The efficiency of these system come from their complexity and the way of solving this problem, in way can combined them, crew and vehicle and users of the public transportation. (C. Fleurent  · S. Vob, 2011) What make public transportation issue special that its international problem and it is a community problem. And such as International Conferences of Advanced System for Public Transport (CASPT), â€Å"this conference serves as a forum for international community of researches and practitioners† (Hong K. Lo, William H.K. Lam, S.C. Wong, Janny M.Y. Leung, 2010), such this conferences and other works show us how the necessary of finding a new methodology and techniques. To provides a solution for public transportation system, considering planning, operation, scheduling and controlling issue, these issue have to be focus on, because their effect on the public transport section and their impact on the quality of this industry. In this article the case study on North Cyprus, explain some of the main public transportation available. there is a wide network of daily buses and mini-buses connect the main towns, in addition there Dolmush (shard taxi) operating on the same lines and some time have other routes, there is also taxi and its widely available but it can be expansive if its work on meter, where there are kind of standard journey fare. (Anonymous, 2009) The alternatives provides by public transportation and its benefits, that it help city for easier living condition, and less energy use since the bus will move with one passenger and more it will use almost same amount of energy. In addition, that effect on health by less motor working lower pollution, and not only air pollution but also noise pollution, which will save our environment. Moreover, it gave an affordable price and solution for who cannot afford car price and its expenses. At other level, it is create jobs, which will decrease the number of unemployed. In addition, its provide employees a faster way to go their jobs. Other benefits come as a result that fewer cars need fewer park space. As results less property for parking space, that leads for higher accessibility roads. One of the greatest impacts of public transport comes for whom unable to drive such as the elderly, disabled and young. From other point public transportation, help supports the economic and cultural ev en social activates. Moreover, the safety factor where will be lower crime, additional to lower accident. (Gershon, 2005) METHODOLOGY In this research indentifies the relationship between quality and satisfaction. This will increase the customer satisfaction, which will improve the public transportation. From the other hand a new consideration include in this study, environment factor and it effects on public transportation. With all this, factors in our case have to apply to improve the quality and provide solution that is more suitable. (Hong K. Lo, William H.K. Lam, S.C. Wong, Janny M.Y. Leung, 2010) Also the understanding of the public and the users of the road important to provide a higher quality services. Even a study for understand which elements make them prefer using a personal car. From other hand, (F. Fonseca , S. Pinto , C. Brito, 2010) in there paper they explain about how a bus breakdown on a scheduled trip can make a big delay problem. Moreover, how a consideration of a bus rescheduling and bus signal priority can effectively reduce the delay problem. This will lead to decrease the costs of delay and increase the company profit. Moreover, the case study we will use interview method that is it will not provide a meaning but it will describe the experiences of the selected group. The other side of collecting data will be documents from departments such as Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Public Information Office. The interviews have different kind or level of people. Choose will be depend on their perception and functional areas or field. This selected group will be operators, technical, lawyer, students and so on. Main object and targets of this interview, to identify the most important needs for higher quality services and more satisfaction. Another methodology can be as a simulation tool (LIN TIM), this simulation tool can use to analyze data such as line planning, timetabling, vehicle scheduling and delay management. However, it can use to provide answers for line planning question. (Schà ¶bel, 2012). By combination of interviews, document and computer programs such as simulation program. This kind of data will be first step for evaluating, and providing solution. Which will be a suitable answer for the traffic problem and it is improve the quality of public transportation. STUDY By choosing LEFKOSA city, a general review about country where our cases study. North Cyprus covers almost 37% of the third largest island in Eastern Mediterranean. The main cities are (Lefkosa, Kyrenia, Famagusta, Karpas, Iskele, Labta, Lefka, and Guzelyurt). Located west of Syria and Lebanon and south of Turkey. (Hasan Cantas, Adrian Muwonge, Baris Sareyyupoglu, Hakan Yardimci, Eystein Skjerve, 2011) We have to understand the main bus station and bus route in Lefkosa city. This data has collected from the website of northcyprusonline, first type of data in general form about buses and minibuses in Northern Cyprus, its include the cover routes between Lefkosa city and other major towns or larger villages. Both of the bus and mini buses routs are almost the same, where the different is sizes and color. Commonly destination shown in the front windscreen either stands at bus stop or on the road and rise hand anywhere with the main road to stop the bus. Other type of information about F requency of the bus. Buses in North Cyprus have no schedule but its departures every (20-50min), depend on the bus destination or when it is full. Also running time and period change between summer and winter. Mostly bus services finish around 6 pm in winter, while in winter the last one leave at 8pm.but mine bus work more late mostly until 10pm. Moreover, the ticket prices generally between two$ up to five$ depend on the distance. The fare paid usually to bus driver or worker sell ticket. Lefkosa city have bus station (terminal), where its location† Corner of Ataturk Caddesi and Kemal Asik Caddesi†. There other main bus station along the city like old city gate. The location of the terminal is good and bad in the same time. Since it is almost in the middle city easy to reach but also cause traffic. (anonymous, 2001-2013) One of the people has been interview with is Mohammad HARAB (HARB, 2013), HARAB own a car and he live in north Cyprus for a 6 years and he study in the university. His comment about public transportation that. It is expansive, comparing with the money that I will pay for a fuel. In addition, it is not every time working and there is no good bus station most of the time there is one place to set its open, so in winter I will freeze until bus will come and in summer, it is too much hot to wait outside or to walk to bus station. Another person is ESRA ISIKDEMIR, from her point that public transport in Lefkosa are really bad, since it don’t cover all the areas and its only operate on the main road, and there is no night services, while taxi are too much expansive. ESRA also talk about the quality of transportation need to be improving and have to be more cover area. Moreover, as ESRA compare between road in turkey and North Cyprus that roads need to be fix and more planning for higher quality of life. (ISIKDEMIR, 2013) Other student is GIZEM YAMAN owned a car and its Turkish number not a Cyprus number, and the reason behind bringing car that there is no public transportation between home and university, in other words 3 different buses. Moreover, other solution is university bus, while university bus usually crowded. In addition, schedule of bus are often every hour and weekend every 2hours and its work until 10 pm evening. All this was the reason to bring a car for daily use, however YAMAN do not like to drive car, due to high traffic in the city. (YAMAN, 2013) ALL of ISIKDEMIR, YAMAN and HARB are students, looking to other type of people. USAMA RIGEB a worker and father lived more than 11 years in North Cyprus. RIGEB say that it is hard to count on public transportation since the most near bus road to his home more than 10min walking, and if he will ride with his family will cost him more if he use a personal car. Other issues RIGEB talk about that they do not offer evening service, which mean that taxi will be the only choose for who do not have car. In addition, its costly choose even worker cannot afford it for longer term. From other hand the traffic in Lefkosa city are too much crowded and using public transportation will make him lose time he need. RIGEB talk about important issue in his view, that there is no fix time for public transportation that trying to use bus can be longer and hard and unhealthy choose, since waiting in cold or under sun will affect bus users. (RIGEB, 2013) Other person is BELAL RAGEAB, RAGEB worker and his family live with him; his points that wish he could afford to buy car so his life quality will be higher and using minibus will be finish, a reason of that the money lose for using public transportation. However, Hand since it is the only way for him to go work, the government should improve public transportation for higher quality of services and more costumers’ satisfaction. (Rageab, 2013) Under scope North Cyprus, Lefkosa city need a new studies such as â€Å"technical phases land –use planning, trip-generation, trip-distribution, modal-split, traffic assignment and evaluation†. (BLACK, 1974) However, this studies need to be improve and organize, but one of the solution of the problem can be by alternative Planning, in other words finding alternative route for public transportation in the way it can cover more areas and reduce the traffic. However, the energy conservation of the public transportation studies can improve the efficiency of transport sector. (JEFFRY J ERICKSON, DAVIDL GREENE,ALBERTO J SABADELL, 1988) While the quality of service is the main standard and consequent satisfaction of the customers, it has expected that the managers of the transport industry have to talk to customers, were they can understand what their needs and for more developing solution, regards that the customers are important to public transportation. In addition, quality dimensions can increase customers’ satisfaction. (F. Fonseca , S. Pinto , C. Brito, 2010) CONCLUSION Lefkosa city not a high population, but it’s have a problem with traffic and public transportation, and the reason of that the city plan old and have no development, and the improvement of the roads are slow almost dead. While the road need maintenance, and bus route need a study for higher efficacy and satisfaction to consumer of the public transportation. This study deal with the general issue that Lefkosa public transportation problems, and its gave some steps for alternative solution for improving the traffic flow in the city and reducing the environment effect for heavy uses on the personal cars, also for more safety and healthier life-style. The following steps can be a start to solve the traffic problem, study for schedule the bus working hours and ticket prices, and add capacity for roads, critical area such as four area need planning. Planning methods such as land uses, transportation distention, also a Long-term researches for strategic management. Other studies for data with a good analysis tools can improve the public transportation impacts on environment, social and economic. Include technical assistance such as simulation programs, local program coordination. Other research has to be about the financial resources for higher quality of life and better planning city. In other words, Lefkosa city need more advance environment friendly management system, advance of the new technology using in order to decrease costs with higher efficiency. Hiring skilled managers and technical people to improve the quality of service and insure more customer satisfaction. Develop a private section for improve the alternatives of the buss users. Create ideas for attractive solution to increase the number of people for improving public transportation economic. Other Further study has to done for more developing solution. Bibliography anonymous. (2001-2013). North Cyprus Bus Services. Slovakia. Anonymous. (2009). TRANSPORTATION. Retrieved january 7, 2013, from Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Public Information Office: http://www.kktcenf.org/en/index.asp?sayfa=cmsdmid=0cmsid=183ssid=532284118 BLACK, J. A. (1974). TECHNIQUES OF LAND USE/TRANSPORTATION PLANNING IN AUSTRALIAN CITIES . Transportation 3 (1974) 255-288 , 255-288. C. Fleurent  · S. Vob. (2011, December 13). Public transport: case studies and applications. Public Transp , pp. 105-107. Damijan Koletnik, Rebeka Lukman, Damjan Krajnc. (2012). Environmental Management of Waste Based on Road Construction Materials. Environmental Research, Engineering and Management , 42-46. F. Fonseca , S. Pinto , C. Brito. (2010, may 19). Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Public Transports. 4th International Quality Conference , pp. 249-257. G.Baudoina, O.Venarda, G.Uzanb, A.Rousseaub, Y.Benaboua, A.Paumierc, J.Cesbronc. (n.d). The RAMPE Project: Interactive, Auditive Information System for the Mobility of Blind People in Public T ransports. 1-4. FRANCE. Georgios Papageorgiou, Pantelis Damianou, Andreas Pitsilides, Aphames Thrasos, Petros Ioannou. (2006, july 6-7). A Microscopic Traffic Simulation Model for Transportation Planning in cyprus. International Conference on Intelligent Systems And Computing: Theory And Applications , pp. 157-166. Gershon, R. R. (2005). Public Transportation: Advantages and Challenges. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine , 7-9. HARB, M. (2013, January 8). Public transportation in lefkosa city . (M. ALASEER, Interviewer) Hasan Cantas, Adrian Muwonge, Baris Sareyyupoglu, Hakan Yardimci, Eystein Skjerve. (2011). Q fever abortions in ruminants and associated on-farm risk factors in northern Cyprus. Cantas et al. BMC Veterinary Research 7:13 , 1-7. Hong K. Lo, William H.K. Lam, S.C. Wong, Janny M.Y. Leung. (2010). Advanced public transport system scheduling and control. Public Transp , 157-158. ISIKDEMIR, E. (2013, January 3). Public transportation in l efkosa city. (M. ALASEER, Interviewer) JEFFRY J ERICKSON, DAVIDL GREENE,ALBERTO J SABADELL. (1988). An analysis of transportation energy conservation projects in developing countries . Transportation , 163-189. Pavel STOYANOV, Plamena GAGOVA. (2012). SOME IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT. TRANSPORT PROBLEMS , 37-41. Rageab, B. (2013, january 3). Public transportation in lefkosa city. (M. ALASEER, Interviewer) RIGEB, U. (2013, January 2). public transportation in lefkosa city. (M. ALASEER, Interviewer)

Effect Of Insecticides On Honey Bees Biology Essay

Effect Of Insecticides On Honey Bees Biology Essay Introduction: Pollinators are very important for the production of any crop as they play very important role for pollination of the flowers and crops. Bees are considered one of the major pollinators of the agricultural crops. The study of this issue is very important as well as difficult due to the complex interaction of bees with their hosts. Many environmental factors are involved in the complexity of this interaction (Schmid, 1975). Honey bees are good pollinators but they are not common for all crops (Batra 1995). Most people are interested in honey and wax production by bees but some honey bees are used in orchard pollination, where they take nectar and pollen for the purpose (Cheung 1973). Honey bees are most vulnerable pollinators of agricultural crops as USDA estimated the financial value of these profitable pollinators that is approximately 15- 20 dollars billion per year (Johnson 2010). On the other hand, they are very sensitive insects as they are disturbed by the common environmental factor like pollution. Pesticides are the chemicals that are most widely used to control pests in crop production. When different chemicals are applied to the crops, they not only affect the pests of the crops but also harm the beneficial insects as pollinators, predators and parasites etc. This harmful effect disturbs the natural balance between the insects and their natural hosts. The table below shows the dependence of agricultural crops on honey bee pollination. Almond, Alfalfa, Apple, peaches, carrots, sunflower, onion, broccoli and citrus with other field crops are given with their dependence. Estimated value of Honey Bee to US crop production, 2000 estimates (Johnson, 2010) Use of chemicals (Pesticides) in agricultural crops is important to get required production on one side while on other side, safety of honey bees and other natural enemies from these chemicals are also required. But if these chemicals are not used against insect pests of the crops, it will also create problems for producers as they can not be able to get such production that can fulfill the food requirements of nation or worldwide. Large number of bee colony developers is present in The United States that provides bees as pollinators, commercially to different crop producers. U.S. Department of Agricultureà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s (USDA) 2007 Census point out that 2.9 million bee colonies are used for 28,000 operations in the United States. Increasing use of chemicals (insecticides and pesticides) to control the other problems of crop production disturbs honey bees populations either natural or reared commercially. Johnson 2010 gave the map that shows the disorder in honey bees colonies in different states in 2009. http://beealert.blackfoot.net/ Johnson (2010) gave the reasons for colonies collapses in his report by the data collected under the information provided by USDA. These colony loses in honey bees disturbs Agricultural economy of the country, so scientists try to explore that chemicals that are less or not harmful for the pollinators and they started performing different experiment by using different chemicals to check their efficacy against honey bees activities and pollination. Complete give up of chemicals is not possible as they effect the production of different agricultural crops (Akca et al. 2009), but these chemicals should be use under certain limits. According to the Pretty 1995, the over usage of these agrochemicals make the soil and environment deteriorated and on the other side genetic diversity of the living organisms is also disturbed. Many scientists focused on all non target insects while some are more specific towards the pollinators, their behavior and activities against insecticides which are commonly used for crop pests (Liong et al. 1998; Qadri et al. 1994). Different chemicals and methodologies are carried by different scientists to explain the effectiveness of certain chemicals against honey bee normal functioning. Some of them are given here. Methodologies by Different scientists and their results: Akca et al. 2009 performed an experiment by using 8 chemicals against worker honey bees. They used residual film method for each chemical. Physical conditions for experiment were 25O C and 75% RH and data was collected after 1, 8, 16 and 24 hours. Honey bees of 20 days or less were used in experiments. Three different doses for each chemical were used (recommended, 1/2 and 1/4 of recommended) at same physical conditions. Above is the table that shows the chemical used, their recommended doses and their groups to which these chemicals belong. Their results revealed that all of the insecticides with all doses are toxic to the honey bees after last three intervals except Azadirechtin. All chemicals are significantly toxic to time and doses while the mortality goes on decreasing when dose was reduced. Among all toxic compounds, they found that Sevin XLR was the most fast acting and toxic to the honey bees. Under the light of this experiment, it was concluded that the chemicals that are botanical in nature have less or no toxic to the honey bees. They are organic in nature and environmentally safe. The scientists concluded that it is needed to find out bio-chemicals that does not effect adversely to the bees but have good control of pests. Needham and Stevenson 1973 performed an experiment by using three chemicals, Malathion EC, Azinphos-methyl EC and Endosulfan WP. They performed experiment under natural conditions in field. They sprayed chemicals while bees were foraging on the oil seed rape crops and notice the mortality after 1 and 28 days. They found that mortality was maximum for Malathion and then Azinphos-methyl while for Endosulfan it was very low. Table for results of these chemicals is given below. For this result, they concluded that the formulations of the chemicals play important role for their toxicity. For this conclusion, they performed another experiment by taking two chemicals, Endosulfan and Azinphos-methyl with both formulations. The method of experiment was same as before. But this time, they found that the wetablepowder (WP) formulations were mote toxic than emulsifiable concentrate (EC). The table for results is given as: It is revealed from the results that again Azinphos-methyl was more toxic than Endosulfan no matter what the concentration was. Though all chemicals had effect on Acetyl cholinesterase of the brain of honey bees. So they concluded that the choice of chemical is more important than the concentrations of the chemicals. In the same way different experiment with different hypothesis are carried out by different scientists to show the effect of chemicals on the activity of honey bees as a pollinator and their role for the crop production. Some of the literature review is given below about the work on honey bees against different chemical and different methodologies by different scientists. Review of Literature: Akca et al. (2009) studied the effect of eight different insecticides on honey bees and check their acute toxicity level on hazelnut pests. They used Karate, Deltanete, Sevin, Oncol, Mesurol and Neem @ of their recommended dose and below (1/2 and 1/4 of recommended dose) against Honeybees. They found that Azadirechtin is most safe and environmental friendly insecticide as compare to all other. They also revealed from their experiment that Sevin is one of the most dangerous insecticides for the honeybee activity. In their experiment they recommend that Azadirechtin should be used to control the Hazelnut pests. Batra (1995) presented a review article about the importance of the honey bees as a pollinator for different crops. He described the situations before and after the application of agricultural practices in a field crop that disturb the population of bees to the hosts. Halm et al. (2005) presented New Risk Assessment Approach for Systemic Insecticides: The Case of Honey Bees and Imidacloprid (Gaucho). This publication explains an approach to estimate the risk of systemic insecticides more precisely. They estimated two levels that were levels of exposure (PEC) and toxicity (PNEC). PECs are determined for different Honey bees categories in order to estimate the amount of contaminated pollen and nectar consumed. PNECs are estimated or calculated for chronic, acute and sublethal toxicities of the test chemical. All of the experiment was done under field conditions. These assessments are used to describe the risks of the systemic insecticides against honey bees. Iwasa et al. (2004) performed an experiment on honey bees by taking different neonicotinoids in topical application in laboratory. They found that nitro-substituted compounds like imadacloprid and dinotefuran were more toxic as compared to Cyano-substituted compounds like acetamaprid and thiacloprid. They also studied the effect of some synergists like piperonyl butoxide, triflumizole and propiconazole. They observed that these synergists increased the effect of cyano-substituted compounds towards more toxic while nitro-substituted compounds were not affected by these synergists. Kevan (1999) gave the name, bioindicators to the honey bees. According to him, pollinators and pollination is important for all ecosystems specially agriculture. They are as sensitive to the changes in environment as they are getting easily harmed by the competitors, diseases, predators and parasites on one side while they are easily defeated by the physical and chemical factors like chemical application and habitat modification. According to Kevan, honeybees are indicators of the atmospheric pollutions as they are functionally disturbed by the abnormalities in the environment. Montana, Department of agriculture (2007) published a report about the role of pesticides and honey bees in the production of agricultural crops. In this report, they described that insecticides application not only control the other pests of the crops but also disturb the honey bee population while on the other hand if insecticides are not applied to control the other pests of the crop, the production by the crops is also disturbed. So in this guideline, they give some general suggestions and ideas for the application of insecticides and chemicals to control the insect pests of the crops. Needham and Stevenson (1973) studied the effect of 3 organophosphates on foraging bees and their pollination ability was testes under the influence of these (Endosulfan WP, Azinphos-methyl EC and Malathion EC) chemicals. According to their results, Endosulfan was safer among all three. According to their observations, they concluded that the other two chemicals except Endosulfan, difference of formulations (wetable powder and Emulsifiable concentrate) is also one of the factors that made these chemicals more toxic than Endosulfan. Surviliene et al. (2009) published an article Insvestigation of Pesticides Effect on Pollination of Bumblebees in Greenhouse Tomatoes. In this article, they checked the effect of different chemicals on the bumblebee hives with different doses. They concluded that with the specific recommended doses of some specific chemicals did not affect the bee activities and lives while some chemicals badly affect the bees and their activities. As they used triazamat with 1 ml/lit concentration, Azadirachtin with 5ml/lit and propamocarb hydrochloride with 1.5 /ha. They did not notice nay bad effect on bumblebees while tolyfluanid with 1.5 mg/lit had negative effect on bee colonies and activities. Akca, I., C. Tuncer, A. Guler and I. Saruhan. 2009. Residual Toxicity of 8 different insecticides on honey bees ( Aps mellifera Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Anim. Veter. Adv. 8(3): 436-440. Batra, SWT. 1995. Bees and pollination in our changing environment. Apidologie. 26: 361-370. Cheung, S. N. S. 1973. The fable of the bees: an economic investigation. J. Law Econ. 16:11-33. Halm, M. P., A. Rortais, G. Arnold, J. N. Tasei and S. Rault. 2006. New risk assessment approach for systemic insecticides: the case of honey bees and Imidachloprid. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40: 2448-2454. Iwasa, T., N. Motoyama, J. T. Ambrose and R. M. Roe. 2004. Mechanism for the differential toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Crop Protection. 23: 371-378. Jhohnson, R. 2010. Honey bee olony Collapse Disorder. Congressional Research Service. pp. 1-20. Kevan, P. G. 1999. Pollinators as bioindicators of the state of environment: species, activity and diversity. 74: 373-393. Liong, P. C. W. P. Hazah and V. Murugan. 1998. Toxocity of some pesticides towards fresh water fishes. Malaysian Agric. J. 54 (3): 147-156. Needham, P. H. and J. H. Stevenson. 1973. The toxicity to foraging honey bees, Apis mellifera, of Endosulfan, melathion and Azinophos-methyl applied to flowering oil seed rape, Brassica napus. Ann. Appl. Biol. 75: 235-240. Pretty, J. N., 1995. Regenerating agriculture: Policies nad Practice for sustainability and self-reliance. Earthscan Publications Limited, London, pp: 320. ISBN: 0309052483. Qadri, Y. H., A. N. Swamy and J. V. Rao. 1994. Species difference in brain acetylcholinerterasse response to monocrotophos in vitro. Ecotoxicol. Environ. 28: 91-98. PMID: 7523071. Schmid, R. 1975. Two hundred years of pollinationbiology: an overview. The Biologist. 57: 26-35. Surviliene, E., L. Raudonis and J. Jankauskiene. 2009. Investigation of pesticides effect on pollination of bumblebees in greenhouse tomatoes. SODININKYSTE IR DARZININKYSTE. 28(3): 235- 241. USDA, 2007. Census of Agriculture, Table 31, http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/ Publications/2007/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/st99_1_029_031.pdf.

Archetypes In Waterworld :: Film, Movie

The 1995 hit film Waterworld is a prime example of archetypes appearing in modern motion pictures. The movie displays three main characteristics that give it archetypal meaning. The first of these is the classic hero archetype. Secondly, many archetypal elements of nature are displayed. Lastly, many other archetypes such as safety, extremes, and topography appear in the film.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Waterworld perfectly portrays the heroic archetype. Kevin Costner plays the role of the mariner whose quest is to get to dryland. Playing the evil side is Dennis Hopper who acts as the evil deacon whose mission is to stop the mariner and get to dryland first. The mariner is forced to leave his current lifestyle and is almost killed shortly afterwards. Along the way, he receives help from a wise old man, soul mate, and innocent youth. Costner defeats the deacon when the young girl, Enola, is captured. Soon after, they return to dryland where everything is peaceful and resources abound.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The various settings in Waterworld include many archetypes and add meaning to the story. For one, the deep, salty sea engulfs the whole world. Archetypally, this holds a demonic meaning, and in Waterworld the characters are constantly trying to overcome it. The sun also makes it very hot, giving the characters a thirst which cannot be quenched, as there is no water. Furthermore, any vegetation is extremely valuable because it gives the people vital nutrients, which they need to survive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many other archetypes also appear in the film. For example, the mariners ship is a place of safety for the mariner and his companions. Therefore it has a positive archetypal meaning and is important to the story. In addition, negative archetypes also emerge. Two of these are extreme heat and dessert like topography.

Benefits and drawbacks of online social networking

A certain part of society advocates that social media channels are potential powerful tools when building new and up-to-date individual and collective relationships in many fields of actions, whilst others hold the view that the ostentatious aspects of virtual networking are endangering the agreed values for the welfare of people and communities along decades. The former and the latter points of view will be enlarged below.On the one hand, arguments against social networking related to Individuals endorse the Idea of measuring how decisive -for personal and professional future-, are those Indelible marks In people's past that have supposedly been left behind; time frames are recorded including achievements and failures, as well as personal history. This as meant for many, that when trying to start a new life, a new career or just simply a different path in life, past follows their efforts Jeopardizing it.What is more, in many occasions, these unpleasant situations must be faced and j ustified by them; very valuable professionals end up not having the same opportunities than those who have not been that exposed to the media. This can be illustrated by the cases when employers have been looking for the most suitable candidates for a position. They would dig Into their curriculum vitae and would look for any trace that, by searching n social networks then, could lead to any apparently hidden personal information saying more than printed r ©sum ©s.In addition, potential companies can realize how much time people spend posting, commenting or sharing In social media as well as the type and the quality of Information spread by these users. All in all, In a professional environment, people do not want the personal information be exposed to every friend of theirs or even to public. Thus, something as simple as an Internet session is brought as a menace into themselves when privacy is compromised.Another two reasoning supporting the downside of online social networkin g highlight the fact that our society is increasingly becoming more individualistic and networking can exacerbate social differences between societies in or out the Internet or globalization world. Online networking is a time-consuming activity taking time away from other activities and taking over from real time Interaction. Loneliness Is a modern Illness that society has claimed to have as a consequence of non-satisfying relationships.Research has shown that friendships has helped people to develop heir resilience and ability to bounce back after adversity, as well as an ability to gain dramatic consequences on health because it disrupts sleep, raises blood pressure, increases depression and lowers immunity and overall subjective wellbeing, feeling isolated from others can cause mental health problems occurring more frequently in unequal societies where vulnerable people are often left behind.And when globalization exalts societies with high standards of connectivity in detriment of those who depend on factors such as governmental policies, local economic system ND population, is not it unfair when trying to build new basics for the new era's humankind? By treating social networks as incidental, individuals and society as a whole, are neglecting the profound double-edged sword of exposing lives, radical preferences, political inclinations among others, privileging amount of information rather than quality shared.On the other hand and from an individual point of view, social networking can be employed as a very useful tool for those who need to unveil difficult personal issues such as â€Å"getting out of the closet† or revealing illnesses in front of others; in this way, not only can they be examined and evaluated by their acquaintances but they can also gain support from their family, friends and community. At the same time, by sharing concerns, interests, and knowledge or study subjects, individuals can enrich the perspective of their own interests while others interact with them.For example, someone who has been feeling isolated because of a very rare illness can post his/ her feelings, inquire about symptoms, look for financial support when this person is trundling with the situation and what is more, can also find a cure when someone else in somewhere else take notice of this suffering. People can also obtain advice of goods and services or Just simply gain awareness of some situations that may potentially affect them in a positive or negative way.Experts have demonstrated how important social networking has become when a natural disaster such a seaquake occurs; a piece of news reaches an isolated location before the main wave strikes the land saving many lives. It is seemed that individual existences are put into a more employ society when sharing their woes and concerns, transforming a particular issue into common interest. Is it history, memories and traditions constitutive part of the common interest then?As it has been mentioned many times, another argument in favor of social media is mutual awareness. This is to say and from a collective point of view, by understanding society with its failures and achievements, different societies have been able to considerate diverse ways of reaching expected goals when learning from the past. By way of example, social media has proved to be an inexhaustible resource of knowledge while exposing key information, requirements, unknown facts or simply people searching for people.Someone inquiries into a partially well-known fact and within few minutes somebody else is replying with clues, advice or Just hints which open new doors to new questions or potential answers. This can also be endless, but what if society wants to honor a dead person or keeps memories by spreading these facts around? The infinite transfer of information through media is invaluable when hidden events and key people come then to light. In the end, associations constitutes a positive input i n the approach of building knowledge and consciousness of where, why and how the world has evolved.By way of conclusion and from a user of the Web-based group standpoint, today's society cannot deny the new era that the world is living in. The main bone of contention is about how society should learn, teach and wisely trespass the appropriate ways of using the media. Online communities and Blobs are becoming very popular and moreover, since the advancement of embedded systems, people an use them â€Å"on the go' with the help of cutting-edge handheld devices.Because of the ease of sharing information -with the help of embedded photo and video-, the whole world has become interactive in nature for better or worse. Similarly, people as individuals and as part of communities, are exploring the unthinkable potential that making connections through online sessions and are finally comprehending that the opportunities provided from this medium are immense; social networking website is a r evolutionary idea with a very bright future with further scope for advancements in the 21st century.

Circle Of Trust

As I reminisce about the required readings of this week's lessons, I am reminded of the phrase â€Å"Circle of Trust†. The words are simple enough, but the meaning behind it is so profound. According to Palmer, the circle of trust is not just about familiar and comfortable relationships between family, friends and loved ones. The circle of trust is truly about the relationship that a person builds or creates within every space of their lives.Rather that space be your personal life, your cultural interactions or your vocational life. â€Å"A circle of trust can form wherever two or three are gathered-?as long as those two or here known how to create and protect a space for the soul† (Palmer, 2004). Palmers analysis of how important trust is to the soul, is mirrored with the beliefs of Dry. West, Boers, Chestier, and Villainies. In Dry. West's book, Race Matters, Dry. West speaks about the damaged and strained relationships between the black race and current society.He co ntends that if humanity is willing to find a common place in their hearts for acceptance (admitting of pain), for forgiveness ( afflicted of pain) and for progression (healing); a circle of trust can begin to shape. We have to recognize that there cannot be relationships unless there is commitment, unless there is loyalty, unless there is love, patience, persistence† (West, 1994). The idea of structuring a framework of mutual respect, compassion and acceptances of others personal differences; rather it be ethnicity, culture or ethics, can broaden and strengthen the circle of trust.Notwithstanding, in Dry. West's video Democracy Matters: Winning the Fight Against Imperialism, Dry. West continues to stress the value of nurturing the human spirit to be humble and democratic when interacting with all humanity. Dry. West goes on to say this is important because when all human beings are valued, we as a society will win. â€Å"The greatest intellectual, moral, political, and spirit ual resources in America that may renew the soul and preserve the future of American democracy reside in this multiracial, rich democratic heritage† (West, 2005).In Victor Villager's book, Burro Genius A Memoir, Villainies revealed how living as a Mexican American, the lack of empathy and compassion from society disrupted his inner truth and relationships with others. He goes on to say that once the people in his community, his world, and in his space where willing to embrace and expand their cultural awareness; his soul became alive. â€Å"The beginning of all wisdom is to understand that you don't know. To know is the enemy of all learning. To be sure is the enemy of wisdom† (2004).This notion of expanding ones inner circle and allowing the soul to trust the unknown; and the spirit to challenge the unfamiliar can be linked to Arthur Boers' book Living into Focus. In Living into Focus, Boers deems that as a society, we are living our lives in a state of distraction and comfort. As a society, we have become so distracted with technology, gadgets, and television, that we have lost focus Of the important things in life. We are now experts in comfortable and non-challenging state of affairs or relationships.This according to Boers, has caused us to lose focus on relationships, humanity, spiritual and inner growth. â€Å"When we allowing devices and machines to reside at the center of our lives, we displace values and practices that once enriched the quality of how we live. Which end up serving our gadgets instead of using them as tools to support our priorities. Technology itself becomes the center and purpose of how we live' (Boers, 2012). The study of these authors and their analysis on life, family and culture has allowed me to do some self-reflecting.I am reminded that the role of my family plays a tremendous part in my interactions and relationship with others. Come from a Christian background and my ethics and moral compass guides my actions. I have always made an honest effort to treat people the way that I would want people to treat me; and I often have people I work with say to me, wow, you are so nice. To me, being nice and genuine with people is part of my ethical framework. It is not something that I have to work at.It is something that has been instilled and demonstrated in my everyday life. My parents have and continue to be an example of what it means to have circles of trust in every area of life. Remember as a child, my parents would always say, â€Å"when you are in school, you are a reflection of us†. When I became older, they would say, where you go, you are a reflection of us†. That statement has always been the ethical orientation of life. It shaped my relationships with friends, co-workers, my students, my colleagues and strangers alike.I never wanted or want to disappoint my parents or my self, and so conduct my life accordingly. When I am engaging or interacting with my friends or with peo ple in general, my ethical foundation of having mutual respect for others is always on display. This also holds true when I interact with my students. I treat all of my students with respect and value. I make it my mission to teach my students how to treat others, how to interact with others and how to have respect for homeless.My circle of trust is always expanding, and the more add to my circle, the more fulfilled I become. Know can't and don't want to live in this huge world alone, so I try to bring as many people as can along with me for the ride. My dad always says, â€Å"you can't go to heaven all by yourself†, and while you are living, visit the elderly, give to the mother and fatherless, offer a kind word to the hopeless and let Christ be your reason†. I try to live everyday by this motto, and in doing so, I hope that the circle that I am creating is one that will never be broken.